| Diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumours | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant |
|
• |
||
|
Anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant |
|
|
• |
|
|
Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype |
|
|
|
• |
|
Glioblastoma, IDH-mutant |
|
|
|
• |
|
Diffuse midline glioma, H3K27M-mutant |
|
|
|
• |
|
Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted |
|
• |
|
|
|
Anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted |
|
|
• |
| Other astrocytic tumours | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pilocytic astrocytoma |
• |
|
||
|
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma |
|
• |
|
|
|
Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma |
|
|
• |
Ependymal tumours |
I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Subependymoma |
• |
|
||
|
Myxopapillary ependymoma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Ependymoma |
|
• |
|
|
|
Ependymoma, RELA fusion-positive |
|
• |
• |
|
|
Anaplastic ependymoma |
|
|
• |
|
| Other gliomas | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Angiocentric glioma |
• |
|
||
|
Chordoid glioma of third ventricle |
|
• |
|
|
| Choroid plexus tumours | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Choroid plexus papilloma |
• |
|
||
|
Atypical choroid plexus papilloma |
|
• |
|
|
|
Choroid plexus carcinoma |
|
|
• |
|
| Tumours of the pineal region | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pineocytoma |
• |
|
||
|
Pineal parenchymal tumour of intermediate differentiation |
|
• |
• |
|
|
Pineoblastoma |
|
|
|
• |
|
Papillary tumour of the pineal region |
|
• |
• |
|
| Meningiomas | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Meningioma |
• |
|
||
|
Atypical meningioma |
|
• |
|
|
|
Anaplastic (malignant) meningioma |
|
|
• |
|
| Embryonal tumours | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Medulloblastoma (all subtypes) |
|
|
• | |
|
Embryonal tumour with multi-layered rosettes, C19MC-altered |
|
|
|
• |
|
Medulloepithelioma |
|
|
|
• |
|
CNS embryonal tumour, NOS |
|
|
|
• |
|
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour |
|
|
|
• |
|
CNS embryonal tumour with rhabdoid features |
|
|
|
• |
| Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumours | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour |
• |
|
||
|
Gangliocytoma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Ganglioglioma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Anaplastic ganglioglioma |
|
|
• |
|
|
Dysplastic gangliocytoma of cerebellum (Lhermitte–Duclos) |
• |
|
|
|
|
Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma and ganglioglioma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Papillary glioneuronal tumour |
• |
|
|
|
| Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour | • | |||
|
Central neurocytoma |
• | |||
| Extraventricular neurocytoma | • | |||
| Cerebellar liponeurocytoma | • |
| Tumours of the cranial and paraspinal nerves | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Schwannoma |
• |
|
||
|
Neurofibroma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Perineurioma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) |
• |
• |
• |
| Mesenchymal, non-meningothelial tumours | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Solitary fibrous tumour/haemangiopericytoma |
• |
• |
• | |
|
Haemangioblastoma |
• |
|
|
|
| Tumours of the sellar region | I | II | III | IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Craniopharyngioma |
• |
|
||
|
Granular cell tumour |
• |
|
|
|
|
Pituicytoma |
• |
|
|
|
|
Spindle cell oncocytoma |
• |
|
|
Source: adapted from: Louis DN, Ohgaki H, Wiestler OD et al. (2016) World Health Organization histological classification of tumours of the central nervous system. Geneva: WHO Press/Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.